Primary Auxiliary Verbs

Definition:  Be verb is used

• “I” is considered as the first person (Singular), used to mention oneself.
• “YOU” is considered as the second person (Singular), used to mention the other person.
• “HE” is considered as the third person (Singular), used to mention the masculine gender.
• “SHE” is considered as the third person (Singular), used to mention the feminine gender.
• “IT” is considered as a Subject to mention a thing / an animal in (Singular form).
• “WE” is considered as the first person (Plural), used to mention a group of people including oneself.
• “THIS” is considered as the subject to indicate thing / animal (Singular) which is near by.
• “THAT” is considered as the subject to indicate thing / animal
  (Singular) which is far away.
• “THEY” is considered as the third person (Plural) mentioning both masculine and feminine gender.
• “THESE” is considered as the subject to indicate things (Plural) which is near by.
• “THOSE” is considered as the subject to indicate things (Plural) which is far away.
• THIS, THAT, THESE and THOSE are generally used to indicate things / animals in Singular and Plural form.
• It is also used to mention people.

Example:

This person, this kid, this child, that boy, that girl, etc,. (Singular)

These people, these children, those boys, those girls, etc,.
(Plural)

Example sentences of “to be” verb using the conjugation:

Note : (S+V) and the remaining part in the sentence is the additional information.

1. I am happy.
2. You are a doctor.
3. You are lazy.
4. He is a professor.
5. He is sad.
6. She is a teacher.
7. She is poor.
8. It is an insect.
9. It is good.
10. This is a book.
11. This is beautiful.
12. That is a mountain.
13. That is awesome.
14. We are friends.
15. We are relatives.
16. They are policemen.
17. They are hungry.
18. These are chocolates.
19. These are school boys.
20. Those are story books.
21. Those are scientists.

• “It, This & That” take the singular form of verb (is).
• “We, they, these & those” take the plural form of verb (are).
• I and You are exceptional, it takes the singular form of verb (I am / You are).
• In the place of the subject “he,” any masculine names can be used like John, James, etc,. (Singular)

Example :

My dad, my brother, my uncle is considered as the subject “he.”

Words like professor, master are also considered as the subject “he.”

• In the place of the subject “she,” any feminine names canbe used like Ria, Rosy, etc,. (Singular)

Example :

My mom, my sister, my aunty is considered as the subject “she”.

• In the place of the subject “it,” any thing or animal can be mentioned in singular form like

Example :

1. It is useful.
2. Book is useful.
3. It is big.
4. Cat is big.

• In the place of the subject “they, these and those” plural forms are used.

Example:

1. They are handsome.
   Boys are handsome.
2. These are very big.
   Buildings are very big.

Exercise -1

Fill in the blanks with suitable “to be verb” conjugation in present tense:

1. I __
2. You __
3. He _
4. __ is
5. __ is
6. This _
7. That _
8. We __
9. _ are
10. _ are
11. Those _

Exercise – 2

Fill in the blanks with suitable “to be verb” in present tense:

1. I __ a professor.
2. I __ very happy.
3. You __ a chef.
4. You _ intelligent.
5. He _ a postman.
6. John _ innocent.
7. My dad __ a doctor.
8. She __ a teacher.
9. Sara _ sad.
10. It __ beautiful.
11. This _ a book.
12. That __ a chocolate.
13. We _ sailors.
14. They _ brothers.
15. People _ tired. (People is a plural form)
16. These __ apple trees.
17. Trees __ big.
18. Those _ students.
19. Students __ silent.

The explanation and the exercises provided will be helpful to know about the “to be” verb formation and to create sentences in present tense.

Summary:

1. Auxiliary verbs are called as linking verbs / helping verbs / joining verbs
2. Auxiliary verbs are of 2 types,
   Primary auxiliary
   Modal auxiliary
3. Primary auxiliary verbs are
   to be, to do, to have
4. To be verb in present tense
   Conjugation
   Example sentences
   Exercises